Construction costs are currently skyrocketing

What you’re writing totally goes against capitalism. Things are bought where they are cheapest or produced most efficiently. Therefore, a free market economy needs globalization and as few barriers as possible. Protectionism sounds good, but without globalization there is no welfare gain through cross-border division of labor. And that would especially harm Germany.

No one has ever claimed that pure capitalism, like all -isms, is somehow great. Likewise, the "free" market economy, a rather failed model of the 1990s. It’s probably still in many textbooks for mass subjects, but it’s significantly less useful than the previous social market economy of national character. Germany has already lost anyway, because in the future it will have to take a stand – Block A or Block B. Neither will work for much longer. And after 20 years of sellout, it’s questionable whether anyone will still crow for our offline country.

In everything that involves basic needs, I find it wrong to let the market operate unregulated. Building materials are needed for housing. I am against protective tariffs; I am rather in favor of non-tariff trade barriers. So the same environmental standards must simply apply to imported goods. But again, this is not about protection from cheaper imports (at least not from Germany’s perspective). This is about quota management of production in Germany for the domestic market before export. And yes, that has something to do with a planned economy; this is no longer a free market economy. But as I said, I do not find that inherently bad either. It depends...

Are there actually real examples of export tariffs?

No one has ever claimed that pure capitalism, like all -isms, is somehow great. Likewise, the "free" market economy, a rather failed model of the 1990s. It is probably still found in many textbooks for mass subjects but is significantly less effective than the previous social market economy of national character.

I see it similarly. We consume more than we need for a good life.

Germany has already lost anyway because in the future it will have to take a stand – Block A or Block B. Neither will work for much longer. And after 20 years of sell-off, it is questionable whether anyone still cares about our offline country.

I don't see it so negatively for Germany. Sell-off is completely fine and even necessary. Innovation capability is the be-all and end-all.

The internal market has strict environmental regulations and is accordingly expensive to produce, the imports come from countries that have no regulations.
Restructuring then means relocating production to these countries.
Is that what you want?

No, neither you nor I want that. But a true capitalist doesn't care, right? See Trump. He wasn't interested in environmental protection.

"And if an internal market has to protect itself from cheaper imports, then something is wrong."

Cheap imports do not necessarily have anything to do with a lack of environmental protection. But simply because the internal market has become unproductive for other reasons. Responding with blanket protectionism is therefore wrong. That is what I meant to express.

Because of capitalism and the market economy: The market processes information in the form of prices. There is something called “Externalities“. Simply put: It should have a price because it has a massive impact on the economy, but it has no price because it is not associated with any property rights. CO2, for example.

Is it really true that CO2 has no price, even though it causes monetary consequences? Logically, it is not. Therefore, the market has limits.