You are talking past each other - due to the misleading use of the term Antritt: with a cellar staircase, logically half of the discussants will always understand Austritt (top) beneath it.
A quarter turn of the staircase at the upper end would technically solve the problem here, by turning in time before the too close wall. It would then still have to come out adjacent to this wall, i.e. start "later" at the bottom, otherwise the headroom would not work out. However, this (seen in line with the upper staircase then lateral) Austritt would probably be architecturally out of the question for the builder, and also from my point of view architecturally inappropriate here.
A quarter turn of the staircase at the lower end would result in a straight Austritt towards the wall to the kitchen at the top - but would only be effective at the top if the lower run were brought forward as a result (but that does not work for headroom reasons).
At times I have the impression that, with the spread of 3D visualizations, on the other hand one's own spatial imagination is degenerating.