Floor plan draft for a 220m² single-family house

are we talking about elements that can be inserted into the normal partition wall?

We are talking about glass surfaces above doors (still in the frame, above the door leaf; or above the frame).

Where do you get something like that?

Wherever you want – for fitting reasons, preferably from the carpenter / door manufacturer who also supplies the rest of the door. They are basically "windows," not lamps or anything like that. So light passes through, it is not generated. The latter would also be conceivable: that one basically builds a "display case" attached above the "door frame" in which a concealed lighting installation is built – daylight during the day, with added electric light in the evening.

So practically extended doors that have glass at the top, does that mean the lintel in the partition wall is higher?

So practically extended doors that have glass at the top

you could say that

does that mean the lintel in the partition wall is higher?

or not at all, if floor-to-ceiling. In the "showcase variant" (flush with wall/frame) it looks more elegant if the other doors do not have that. Then the frames are the same height, only here the lintel and the wall area above it is missing, but the appearance is "uniform." The variant in the frame is more elegant if the other doors also have this height. Then the difference above the door leaf is only glass area versus wooden area.

I can imagine it well, but probably costly.

Secondly, this would possibly eliminate the effort for the supporting beams altogether, and firstly, you wouldn't lose any area at all: what would be lost under the laundry drying balcony would come back through the exterior wall shift on the right side* under the upper floor again. In the total area sum, that would be neutral. At least the corner window due to the bay window projection being then only half as wide would no longer lose by "sacrificing" it - possibly even the entire bay window, but you were already that far.

That thought about the support beam effort also crossed my mind. That would kill two birds with one stone.

However, I somehow cannot understand that you wouldn't lose any area, what would be lost under the laundry drying balcony and come back on the right side through an exterior wall shift again. I don't even remotely understand that. Sorry.

However, I somehow cannot understand that no area is lost, which would be lost under the laundry drying balcony and would be regained on the right side by shifting the outer wall. I do not understand that even remotely.

blue: line of the wall layout upper floor, laundry drying balcony
pink: area loss for living room, if the same wall layout is at the bottom and top and terrace is under the balcony
green: area gain due to the same measure

Result: roughly net neutral.