Planning electrical systems to be future-proof

Super thread! One question: Are there any concerns about putting the network cabinet in an old building basement with 65-70% humidity, or can routers, switches, NAS handle that?

It should be okay as long as it doesn't condense. Since the devices usually generate heat themselves, I don't see a problem. For example, my QNAP NAS states 5-95% relative humidity and 0-40 degrees temperature.

Is unusual, at least for industrial applications. I just glanced through a few datasheets, it says everywhere "5 to 95%, non-condensing".

I quickly looked at a Netgear standard switch datasheet and it says:

90% max. relative humidity, non-condensing

I think it will be similar with other manufacturers. Otherwise, just check the datasheets if in doubt.

Dear forum,
the electrician will be working here soon and I am researching the components in the network cabinet and would appreciate your feedback on the components. :) I want to start with the switch because it is the centerpiece of the cabinet and at the same time raises the most questions for me.

Initial situation:
3-story house, a total of 16 network ports, of which 5 are PoE (4x access points, 1x camera).
I have agreed with the electrician that he will procure the patch panel, terminate the connections, and label them properly. I will take care of all other components, he will install them for me. I will handle the rest myself again.

User:
2 adults, 1 baby, "classic" streaming/surfing needs, my wife will work from home with video conferences/calls after parental leave, I work from home part-time but without video conferences. TV (initially) via satellite, but lots of streaming. No demands for special firewall, security, or configuration options beyond the FritzBox standard. I want products that are qualitatively solid but not excessive, that run reliably after installation and require little maintenance from me.

My research on switches and unclear points:
Since we already have 16 ports and the FritzBox and (eventually) the NAS will be connected, I want to buy a 24-port switch. For various reasons (well-known brand, affordable brand, German brand) I came across the following manufacturers:
Netgear, TP-Link, ZyXEL, YuanLey

Then I looked at the PoE ports and found that with all models they are either not present or present in large numbers. Here, the wattage varies from 130W to 400W. Some also have 1-2 uplink and/or SFP ports installed.

Before I suggest specific models, it would be great if you could help me with the following questions:
1. Is any brand in my selection basically to be preferred or avoided?
2. I understood the wattage of the PoE switch so that the PoE consumers share it. Is that correct? Are 130W sufficient or already a disqualifying criterion?
3. Uplink/SFP ports: These fast ports are predestined for the FritzBox and the NAS, right? Should there be at least two or are the "normal" ports sufficient in our case?
4. Uplink/SFP ports: Unfortunately, I did not quite understand the difference. Could someone help me here?
5. managed/unmanaged: I understood the difference. Intuitively, I would prefer/suffice with an "unmanaged" switch. However, that greatly limits the selection. Is it a disadvantage to take a "managed" switch but barely or not use it?

Thank you for reading this far, and I would really appreciate your feedback. :)

For various reasons (well-known brand, affordable brand, German brand), I came across the following manufacturers:
Netgear, TP-Link, ZyXEL, YuanLey

Three of them are well-known, all are affordable, none of them is a German brand.

1. Is there a brand that should generally be preferred/rejected in my manufacturer selection?

I would also consider which access points you want to use. Ubiquiti or TP-Link offer systems with Unifi or Omada that are easy to install and manage as a whole. If that doesn't matter to you, you can't go wrong with Netgear and TP-Link. I lack experience with larger switches from Zyxel, and I've never heard of the last Chinese no-name brand.

2. I understood the wattage of the PoE switch to mean that the PoE devices share it. Is that correct? Are 130W then sufficient or already a deal breaker?

Correct. You can easily calculate that by looking at the datasheets of the desired products. A current WiFi 6 access point will probably consume about 10-15 watts, an IP camera possibly a little less.

3. UP-Link/SFP ports: These fast ports are predestined for the FritzBox and the NAS, right? Should there be at least two of them or are the "normal" ports sufficient in our case?

They are not faster. It only gets faster with SFP+, which can do 10 Gbit, for example. Uplink just means they are additional to the 24 ports (because patch panels usually have 24 ports). There is nothing special or faster about them; they exist "only" additionally (unless it’s SFP+). You use the standard SFPs, which can do only 1 Gbit like all the other ports, if you have to bridge longer distances between switches with fiber optic cable. That probably doesn’t matter to you. So, nothing is predestined here for FritzBox (certainly not because you probably don’t have internet >1 Gbit/s) or NAS, unless you run out of the other ports. As I said, from SFP+ there is something faster, otherwise only 1 Gbit like the rest.

4. UP-Link/SFP ports: Unfortunately, I did not quite understand the difference. Could someone help me here?

See previous answer. They are intended for fiber optic or if you have all other ports "full".

5. managed/unmanaged: I understand the difference. Intuitively, I would prefer/suffice with an "unmanaged" switch. But that then severely limits the selection. Is it a disadvantage to take a "managed" switch but not use it or hardly use it?

If you are working with intuition here, you haven’t understood it. Do you want VLANs or routing between VLANs on the switch? Do you need STP, for example, for Sonos? A managed switch is of course no disadvantage, even if you don’t need the features. Tends to be just more expensive. Normally they also just run by default like unmanaged switches.

With the switches, you just need to make sure that the poe standard matches your access points, and yes, usually the ports share the available poe load.

As an affordable 24-port option, I can only recommend the gs1900-24hp because I have the smaller one at home (8hp), and they are cheap used and run forever except for the old interface...

I have a zyxel nwa50ax connected and it runs flawlessly on our towel (500sqm)... they require 8.5w each in operation according to the manager display.

It's not mandatory but was recommended to me by our technical team: take switches and access points from the same brand, as sometimes there CAN be problems otherwise.