You can always learn more. Nevertheless, I am still not convinced, neither by the answers from 77.willo nor by those of the OP.
First, I want to make sure that we are not talking past each other: I understood it to mean that an induction hob should draw more current from the power supply at the same setting, depending on which material is on the hob.
Law of conservation of energy. If the energy is not converted into heat (aluminum), it is simply not converted at all, so no or only a lower current flows. The same happens with the current in a transformer without a load in the secondary circuit – namely nothing.
Ok.
Calculate it with a thermometer and a defined amount of water. Geothermal energy from the starting temperature to 95 degrees and stop the time. Then you can calculate the amount of energy that has "arrived in the water".
That describes the efficiency in the pot. But that was not my question, see above! The original heating happens only at the pot/hob interface – what arrives in the food depends on many other things like material thickness.
Accordingly, I am very curious about the measurement results. It is important that a hob measured in this way has no control electronics that regulate temperature-dependent adjustments to the pot bottom; otherwise, no valid answer can be obtained.
You cannot compare the power section of an induction cooktop with a transformer. It is an oscillating circuit, or a resonant converter. The IGBTs only supply the amount of energy taken from the oscillating circuit.
Aha! Thanks, learned something. So that can surely be measured.