You are always so unreasonable! Insulation is not evil. But insulated old buildings often cause problems. The materials should be compatible with each other. If I wrap an early post-war house, simply built, thickly, I easily get mold spots where it stays cold/damp. You have to approach that more carefully. Maybe leave it with new windows that are no longer so drafty. Maybe improve something with glass or stone wool in the roof and in the side areas. That's it. A new building can be designed from the start so that it fits, insulated really well. But the ventilation problem remains. Either controlled residential ventilation or forced ventilation of the windows. That contradicts the insulation idea, but it is healthier. I myself refuse to buy a car whose windows are closed and that compensates this with air conditioning. I hope you understand the metaphor. About cost-effectiveness. There is a lot of malpractice with calculation tricks that do not work. I’ll give you an example: We are supposed to produce hot water using renewable energy. Okay. We are supposed to consume as little primary energy as possible, preferably very little from fossil fuels (wood stoves apparently don’t count, they seem to be eco-friendly, smile). But if - as with us - 110 sqm is inhabited by just two people who have no bathtub, a dishwasher, and a shower, the most economical and ecological would be a pure modern gas boiler with condensing technology without hot water supply. A hot water tap in the sink with an instantaneous water heater, the same in the shower, with 2 times 3-4 minutes of showering per day totally fine, only cold water at the washbasin, also in the guest toilet. End of story. Windows with forced ventilation, end. That saves construction costs, gas, and the little electricity for 2 showers is negligible. A controlled residential ventilation is omitted, more electricity saved, but the energy saving ordinance does not want such a house. It wants solar panels (which are glued together by little Chinese people who knows how), or controlled residential ventilation or air-water heat pump or geothermal or biogas district heating. But it lets the wood stove pass. For us, I am sure, what the ordinance demands is economical nonsense. And ecological nonsense too, - Karsten