Which flooring is suitable in new construction with underfloor heating?

I am totally into bamboo as a plant and theoretically also as a building material. Unfortunately, the parquet and decking boards I have seen so far do not appeal to me visually at all. I also find it relatively expensive.

As further alternatives, I throw linoleum and cork flooring into the room. Visually certainly not for everyone, but very interesting in terms of properties. Price-wise, something up to 35EUR should actually be found.

What are the advantages of cork flooring?

What are the advantages of parquet compared to good laminate? (I have often read that good laminate can hardly be distinguished from real parquet even by professionals)

Why are good high-quality laminate or vinyl (possibly glued vinyl) not suitable or almost taboo in new buildings?

I am now somehow completely confused and no longer know which floor to choose

I also don't want to regret afterwards having chosen the wrong one (e.g. if laminate was not the right choice or if the parquet is heavily scratched)

what would the maintenance of a parquet floor look like?

Vacuum regularly. Mop once a month with a suitable oil-restoring cleaner.

How scratch-resistant is, for example, oak parquet?

As scratch-resistant as wood can be. But it has the advantage that scratches are not visible since it is a natural product.

Haro parquet LD smoked oak invisible structured with longitudinal chamfer, naturally oiled with a 3.5 mm wear layer. Costs about €30 as a short plank – roughly 1/3 of the price of a long plank.

Where are the advantages of parquet compared to good laminate?

It is harder and does not get scratched as easily. Otherwise, a matter of taste.

Why are good high-quality laminate or vinyl (vinyl possibly glued) almost unsuitable or even frowned upon in new buildings?

Suitable: it is
Frowned upon: sure, you build a great house, pay attention to good materials and indoor climate, and then lay a plastic floor. And it is also overpriced (design floor).

What are the advantages of cork flooring?

vs. parquet: softness, possibly less prone to scratches
vs. laminate: softness, generally the feel of a natural material

Where are the advantages of parquet compared to good laminate? (I have often read that good laminate can hardly or not at all be distinguished from real parquet even by professionals)

The feel and elasticity are simply different. I am a pronounced laminate fan, but I have not seen any laminate that is not distinguishable from parquet at the latest upon touch. Good laminate is very durable, but any laminate that does get a scratch just looks stupid. Good parquet "lives" and the scratches and dents in it belong to it and give it character, like laugh lines on a face.

Why are good high-quality laminate or vinyl (possibly glued vinyl) almost unsuitable or even almost banned in new buildings?

They are just plastic, whereas my aversion is limited to vinyl. This is because the price/performance ratio is so terrible, in my opinion, that it should be boycotted. In itself, there are good arguments for laminate in my opinion. For vinyl only in special cases (where, for example, very low installation height and water resistance are a requirement).

Is harder and doesn’t get scratched as easily. Otherwise a matter of taste.

No. Not with good laminate (commercial class). It is already very hard (probably harder than many parquet floors). The hardness of parquet strongly depends on the type of wood. The problem with laminate is that once it has a scratch, it looks like a scratch. With parquet, it’s just part of it – or you don’t see it, as you wrote,