1. Are you looking for an architect/energy consultant, or does an architect from the prefab house company take care of that, even though the basement, photovoltaic system, etc. are externally ordered?
If you buy from a prefab house supplier, they will sensibly also provide these services.
2. Looking for an expert to simply support us during construction. Should we rather take someone from the Bauherren-Schutzbund or someone like the "prefab house expert"?
These "prefab house experts" seem suspicious to me; I do not see a significant difference to a "construction expert," nor any special required additional qualification for prefab houses. We had none on hand but a lot of presence and clear construction meetings.
So first prefab house supplier, then basement builder, then photovoltaic company, then finishing carpenter, then stair builder?
You need the plans for a basement/stair offer; these are created by the architect of the prefab house supplier. That also determines the sequence.
Decision on prefab house company and revision or extension of contracts such as the scope of work description through additional clauses and everything that is not fairly balanced.
There is little reason for prefab house suppliers to agree to contract changes. Do not expect any significant negotiable changes regarding anything related to the manufacturing process.
Then the price negotiation. Should one also seek professional help here, and if yes, who?
If you don’t want to appear as an insecure and incompetent customer from the start, do it yourself.
Signature and starting signal for the house construction. The architect should already have the floor plans etc. ready for the building application beforehand.
You won’t get that much upfront service from a prefab house supplier. Alternative: Take a local architect and a local carpenter who also offers "turnkey" solutions. They have a good reputation in the area to defend and therefore anticipate more interest in success. You want to have a lot of input; that is possible there. Therefore sequence: Think about how you want to live instead of what. Find an architect who is really enthusiastic about your project and get started.