The development plan contains many regulated items there, also in the textual version. All are noteworthy, but the "key points" for the critical thinkers here are in the drawing and there in the usage template:
The floor area ratio (Grundflächenzahl) is a decimal number that simply (!) said makes the area of the base slab calculable, e.g. 635 sqm times floor area ratio 0.2 would result in 127 sqm floor area.
The plot ratio (Geschossflächenzahl) is structured similarly and indicates the maximum (commonly called) "living area" simply (!) said without basement, e.g. 635 sqm times plot ratio 0.3 would result in 190 sqm floor area, whereby the year the development plan comes into effect is decisive for which standard this value is determined.
Both numbers do not care in the slightest which calculation methods the builder uses for his price quotes!
Besides presumably an "o" for "open construction method" (commonly roughly = single and double houses or short terraced houses), there is probably still an "I" (Roman one) = only one full floor aka "one-and-a-half floors" or a "II" which without a circle means a maximum of two and with a circle mandates two floors; as well as the roof type (SD / WD / PD / FD etc.) and the roof pitch – ED drawn in a triangle, however, means nothing roof-related, but rather the construction type single or double houses.
Otherwise, the plan still has blue lines (building boundaries – you are allowed to touch) and red lines (building lines, you must touch).
With that, the chapter "layman-understandable information" would roughly be concluded – the "rest" requires advanced interpreters – but at the core this already defines the framework of possibilities.
Also important are height points or lines: laypeople always misjudge visually, mercyless, when it comes to the evenness of plots.