I think these will remain contentious issues that, if the contractor is not accommodating, may in some cases even go to court.
Section 29 of the USTG states who is entitled to the VAT if nothing is regulated in the contract.
It depends on when the contract was concluded. The reference date for the contract conclusion is 4 months before the VAT change.
However, this only applies to long-term contracts, and I am not sure whether (construction) work contracts fall under this.