Thank you very much in advance for the many answers.
I think I still have a few general questions for understanding. I will describe it as I understand it. Please correct me.
The Telekom connection ends, along with the other media, in the utility room, in the form of the TAE socket.
From the TAE socket, a cable leads to the router.
The router is also located in the utility room. Does this also fit into a 10-inch network cabinet, or is it usually located outside?
Now I connect the router with a LAN cable to the switch/patch panel (I still need to read up on this, as I dealt with switches many years ago at LAN parties, but I have never worked with patch panels).
If I understand correctly, I can install a patch panel and a switch with 12 LAN ports in a 10-inch cabinet, meaning I can run a maximum of 12 LAN cables out. These will then be routed during the rough construction phase to the locations I planned. Do the cables then come out of the wall there? Or do they run in from "behind" into a network socket, into which I then plug a LAN cable from "the front" again to connect to the TV? Here I still have a problem understanding.
When you talk about providing additional network sockets for access points, how are these wired? Simply having a socket on the wall without any medium behind it doesn't help me at all. Or, as described above, do the LAN cables run from behind the wall into the server cabinet there?
To the network sockets that I want to install on the ceiling in the hallway on the ground floor and upper floor, can I then connect PoE access points that convert the LAN internet from the cable into Wi-Fi without additional power?
So, I hope you understand me and that I'm not completely wrong.