I just thought of something regarding heating technology - a central masonry heater. It warms the kitchen, dining area, living area, hallway, guest room, as well as the stairwell and the upper hallway. The area shown in orange will be the heat storage mass; a glass door can be installed facing the dining area, possibly two, but that costs efficiency. Of course, such a stove does not have to be square; rounded edges or angles are suitable for the hallway and guest room.

The guest bathroom will have an infrared heater as a mirror, the upstairs bathroom as well as the bedroom and children’s room each get a decentralized air conditioning unit. Whether the rooms downstairs also need to be climate-controlled is a matter of personal preference. Costs for such a masonry heater including chimney with a premium insert and electronic combustion control (offers over 90% efficiency) are around €25,000. If you calculate about 70 sqm for heating and 40 kWh/m2 p.a., you need 2800 kWh. A cubic meter of spruce wood has 4.5 kWh. Roughly 4 kWh are lost as combustion inefficiency in the masonry heater, which is about 700 kg or roughly 3 cubic meters (solid measure). Clearly, the masonry heater prefers beech since it glows longer, so there is somewhat lower efficiency and your own heating behavior also plays a role. Add one solid meter (stere) for that. The operating costs are therefore extremely low - especially since you harvest your own heating energy on the plot for the house construction. A 20m spruce trunk with 30cm diameter provides you with roughly one year of heating energy according to this rough calculation. Please double-check the math yourself; this is just from memory.