Wood privacy fence - planning over the top? Alternatives?

The neighbors fence in their property side with a hedge. I know I can demand a fence, but I can't tell them what to fence with on their property. And the little plants with which you often plant a new hedge are often only 30cm high, that doesn't help me much with the view of the shed. Clematis is beautiful, I also had it in my old garden (for rent). But for that I would need something for it to climb on, right? Then I'm faced with the fence problem again / do I have to concrete something in there?

needs a trellis. Yes, you would need to concrete posts in. But not as many and not as massive. It is more breathable than a solid privacy screen. You can hang wires, steel mesh, etc. in between.

Hardly had I thought I had decided in favor of "plants instead of a fence," when I go outside and there’s music in the garden again. I think since we talked the other day, the bass has decreased, but their overall volume is still quite high for my taste. As long as we stay in the living room today, the annoyance is actually manageable, but now I also have a terrace and a table and would just like to sit outside in the afternoon when the weather is as nice as it is today. But I don’t want to be blasted with music while doing so. It’s gotten to the point that, like today, I’d rather stay inside the house in bright sunshine than listen to country music in the garden. :/ I just don’t know what to do. Somehow I have to solve this. I can’t forbid them from listening to music in their garden. But unfortunately, that always means we hear the same music in our garden. And I would rather have peace and quiet. If a fence doesn’t help—what would help? As a thought experiment, ignoring costs (maybe I’ll win the lottery)? I could also buy a few square meters of stone and try to build a wall along the boundary (of course with proper distance). That should reduce noise, right?

Yes, if the wall is 4-6m high, it should help.

Hardly had I thought I had decided in favor of "plants instead of fences," when I go outside and there's music in the garden again. I think since we talked the other day, the bass has gotten a bit quieter, but the overall volume is still quite high for my taste. As long as we stay in the living room today, the disturbance is bearable, but now I also have a terrace and a table and would just like to sit outside in the afternoon when the weather is as nice as today.
But I don't want to be blasted with sound while doing so. It's come to the point where I’d rather stay inside on a bright sunny day like today than listen to country music in the garden. :/
I just don’t know what to do. Somehow I have to solve this.

I wrote something on this topic just two weeks ago—especially when it comes to bass, only mass helps. So not thin hedges but something proper and dense.

If in doubt, you can enclose the terrace, that is, build a cold winter garden out of glass: if the neighbor turns up the volume, you slide the sliding wall shut and vice versa. Otherwise, only a quieter neighbor helps or another house with more distance from your terrace, or you place the terrace at a different corner of your property.

Not very elegant but the simplest solution: ear protectors.

Here is the thread and another possible solution