Only a specialist lawyer for construction law can reasonably advise you on this! It first depends on what was agreed upon with whom. Afterwards, it is questionable whether having the right also means getting the right. In the case of a garage, I would advise against a lawsuit. Since you are planning a terrace, I see it somewhat more nuanced.
Are you still adding a terrace structure? Then that could be compensated again.
The waterproofing layer will certainly not be changed by a terrace structure. It will rather get worse, the water stands under the terrace. As I said, with a garage: it doesn’t matter, the roof is tight, the water evaporates. But if a terrace is put on top, the water stands under the terrace construction on the roof. One should choose a construction that is as open as possible.
I would try again to calmly clarify the whole thing with the architect (assuming he is responsible). Dismantling and rebuilding does not have to be the only solution. It should be discussed with an open mind how a technically clean condition can be achieved even with a terrace; without standing water.