To quote an architect: There is no new construction on Köln soil under 1 million including the land ... With your 450,000 for a house you will certainly find something, but you should be clear that it will neither be an architectural icon, nor will you be able to install unimaginable luxury. The remaining 200,000 quickly go for the architect and other incidental construction costs, garages, outdoor facilities and garden design, enclosure as you mentioned (wall?), residential ventilation, indoor/outdoor lighting, possibly special requests such as room height doors, aluminum windows, a kitchen is quickly five digits with the first digit >5, i.e. this is no longer uncommon today in these properties.