Usually, nowadays too much window area is built, that is the trend. However, I would not go below 20% of the floor area. We have about 40% in the living room and dining room, that is very bright and more than enough.
Well, our "living room" area, for example, is about 5x6m and 2 walls are largely made of glass. That makes about 25/30 = 83%. The kitchen is about 4x3m with 2 windows of about 5.5m² which makes 46%. This is nothing overly special. More than 20% is therefore not a problem.
Two walls largely made of glass or 40% is simply exaggerated if you assume a normal standard single-family house. Of course, you can do it, but then there must also be compensating area for the living space because a family of four still wants to put some furniture. Yes, it looks great when building puristically and with lots of glass, but I would seriously consider whether it makes sense to throw out your values for a general question. If someone wants to build puristically, then he has most likely already dealt with it somewhat. If a question like this is asked:
I was told that the windows must have a certain size relative to the room size.
Then it is definitely about the basics. And yes, I agree with you there: if 10% according to DIN is estimated, then base something on that. But definitely not 3-4 times that... For example, we have about 15 sqm in 60 sqm, distributed on 3 sides. Nevertheless, I have found that we could do without 4 sqm because the room eventually becomes saturated with brightness. Beyond that, optics come into play, and they are known to be subjective.