Dishwasher door broken off: Can it be screwed back on?

Drill out the break points with a Forstner bit and glue in a dowel.
Similar to a cup hinge. Then a screw will hold again.

For a tip, maybe a carpenter nearby will do it during lunch break.

That's exactly what I would have suggested too. That will hold better afterwards than before in the chipboard or MDF board. If no Forstner bit is available, alternatively just a 10mm drill bit will do and then glue in a dowel, saw off flush with a Japanese saw.

Thank you for your answers. I just measured again. 3 holes have damage caused by force up to about 15mm, one has 17mm. So I would use a 15mm Forstner bit for all 4 and put wood glue in it, into which I would immediately press a 15mm wooden plug (spruce, 15mm diameter x 10mm height). Afterwards, I could drill the screws back in (in theory).

Would regular wood glue be the best for this or is there something stronger or anything else to consider when buying?

If the "Blombe" fits tightly, wood glue is the remedy of choice. Apply pressure downwards with a clamp (protect the surface)

Don't forget to pre-drill, with my fully integrated one I believe it was 2mm. It could also be the reason why it tore out in the first place.

If the "Blombe" fits tightly, wood glue is the means of choice.
Apply pressure downwards with a clamp (protect the surface)

Can you please explain that to me again in other words? Or does it mean that I apply pressure with a clamp on the front panel so that, presumably, the risk of a crack forming in the front area is reduced?
By the way, my front panel is 15mm thick. The wooden strip, on the other hand, is 10mm high (thick). But that still fits because the wooden strip is firmly glued in and thereby reinforces the areas.

And about pre-drilling:
Drill a little into the newly inserted wooden strip with a 2mm drill bit so that the screws can screw in more smoothly, right?

I also have another question:
Since the torn-off front panel pulled down the actual door of the dishwasher due to its high own weight (i.e. without the front panel, the very light door of the dishwasher now always immediately snaps shut upwards after having been fully opened once), I wonder how I can reattach the front panel. The door is attached to hinges at the lower left and right. But you can’t get to them; presumably, you’d first have to pull the dishwasher out of the entire base unit. Does anyone have a quick tip on how to manage that?

Can you please explain that to me again in other words? Or does it mean that I apply pressure to the front panel with a clamp so that subsequently there is probably a low risk of a crack forming in the front area? By the way, my front panel is 15mm thick. The wooden strip, on the other hand, is 10mm high (thick). But that still fits because the wooden strip is firmly glued in and thereby reinforces the areas.

Wood glue joints are not made gap-filling and under pressure. This means the sides should fit tightly, because otherwise you cannot apply pressure and you press your strips against the front from below with a clamp. Place something between on the visible side to avoid damaging the front.