Basement originally partially concrete, now possibly completely brick-built

See #post 10 ;)

No.
The construction joint / joint tape (as a structural element of an assumed WHITE TANK) is addressed there as a potential weak point of a concrete wall.

The joint tape is not made of concrete.

However, the joint can, of course, represent a weak or faulty point, whether due to planning and/or execution defects.

But even with perfect joints etc., the building material concrete physically allows water vapor to pass through, although only a little (see above "shot glass formula"). If this is also not desired, the white tank can additionally be coated with black / bitumen paint.

From a certain thickness, I believe it was 20cm, WU concrete is also vapor-tight.

What would be a description/ term for a proper waterproofing of a masonry cellar?

So far I always read something about bitumen, thick coatings, membranes, but also already about the plastic replacement for bitumen.
Is all that equivalent?

And regarding the statement about durability concrete vs. masonry (30 years vs. 80 years), is there any truth to that or is it just scare tactics?

Hello Kaspatoo

I don’t see the reason for a white tank.
I’ll take a guess: Your basement will not be in the groundwater. Normal soil moisture, which needs to be kept away from the exterior wall. Also, in case of emergency, you want to keep surface water, which runs down the slope during heavy rain, away from the house. You have to counter the rainwater with a wall around the property. Otherwise, it will eventually accumulate in front of your house.
And since I am not a fan of concrete for walls (concrete does not breathe), I would prefer the masonry basement. On the outside, thick-layer bitumen, perimeter insulation, and on top of that a dimpled membrane. Properly applied and you have a belt with suspenders. Then a drainage system and your problems will have vanished into thin air.
Why should bitumen come loose after 30 years? The stuff is mechanically pressed against the basement wall.

Steven

And since I'm not a fan of concrete for walls (concrete doesn't breathe), I would prefer the masonry cellar.

The above-ground wall that can "breathe" is already a great old wives' tale. That this also works underground, sealed with bitumen or something else, surrounded by moist soil, is truly a marvel of engineering (or imagination).

Hello Alex

a bit more detailed for you: Of course, no wall "breathes." It has no lungs and does not inhale oxygen. The "breathing" referred more to the ability to absorb and release moisture.
You can best notice this when you have been in an old concrete bunker.

Steven