A bit more detailed, I had read up on this extensively a few years ago:
- The neighbor's chimney is actually far worse for your health than roads
- Ventilation is extremely important. Worst case is the famous Stuttgart bowl, there a canyon of buildings in the city center of a large city where the cold exhaust gases can't dissipate in winter. Measurement point directly in front of a traffic light or intersection.
- Forest edge location is wonderfully good for the air. Only ozone could be somewhat elevated, not so serious.
- Fast cars on the highway mix the air much better than stop-and-go traffic in the city center
- Even the noise barrier wall has a positive effect, as the cold exhaust gases first have to rise 6 to 10 meters and mix there with the wind, instead of lingering near the ground in deep winter. The positive effect is highest for the first 100 meters of distance. Ideally, the side of the highway you are on would be open without a wall?
- There is an air monitoring station in Upper Bavaria directly on the Inntal highway behind a noise barrier. Not too bad values, although there is almost no distance. And you have 400 meters.
Living directly on a main road through a town is typically worse because of noise and air quality. Especially the loud individual vehicles like tractors or trucks create unpleasant noise peaks. With a large wall and 400 meters, it's just a hum that you quickly ignore.