Well, I think the OP understands that there is absolutely no alternative to the Telekom modem and not every router works either.
The alternatives do exist (theoretically), but they are rare and definitely not suitable for the average user. Since I currently do not have a fiber optic connection, I cannot test it myself and am therefore still waiting for the first success report on this matter.
As far as compatibility with a router is concerned, in fact, almost all PPPoE-capable routers should work, but due to possibly necessary advanced configuration, this is also not a feasible option for all standard users in case of doubt.