How are heat pumps preferred?

thanks for the explanation. I just haven't understood it yet. :(
Do you mean that the stated final energy demand is lower than it actually is because the annual performance factor of the heat pump is included?

To bring in our calculated figures:
Final energy demand: 10.9
Primary energy demand: 26.1

That makes sense to me, it was multiplied by a factor of 2.4.
Was it previously (with an annual performance factor of 3, for example) made from just under 33 to 10.9 by dividing by the annual performance factor?

So it is defined as follows:

Primary energy
(In the case of natural gas, this would be the energy contained in the natural gas plus the energy required for extraction, refining, and transportation to the consumer)

Final energy demand
Is what actually arrives at the house connection. So the KWH number that appears on your meter

Heat or heating energy demand is the energy you need to keep the building at the desired temperature and to heat the domestic water.

The seasonal performance factor (seasonal performance factor) is basically the efficiency of the heat pump alone over the course of the year. However, this is only indirectly taken into account in the Energy Saving Ordinance. In the Energy Saving Ordinance, the factor from primary energy to heat or heating energy demand is applied. This is the so-called system effort factor. The system effort factor describes how much primary energy is converted to produce heating energy. The system effort factor consists not only of the seasonal performance factor and the primary energy factor, but also considers whether the heat generator (the heating) is located inside or outside the heated building envelope. Also, whether, for example, a ventilation system with heat recovery is installed or not. Furthermore, the energy expenditure for domestic hot water circulation, etc., or gains from solar thermal energy. So the system effort factor includes the whole package. That is, the total amount of primary energy that must be used to keep your house including domestic hot water at the required temperature. Naturally, the heat generator and the primary energy factor play a decisive role in the system effort factor.
Your primary energy demand is therefore the product of the system effort factor and the sum of heating energy demand and domestic hot water demand.
So primary energy = system effort factor * (heating energy demand + domestic hot water demand)

Depending on the defined primary energy factor, certain heat generators are better suited to keep the necessary Qp primary energy demand of the building low.

Was [that] previously (with a seasonal performance factor of 3, for example) converted from just under 33 to 10.9, because it was divided by the seasonal performance factor?

As far as I know, you cannot convert that directly, but of course, the seasonal performance factor has an influence on the conversion. If you want a realistic value for the required heating energy demand of the building, only a heating load calculation will do.

Do you mean that the stated final energy demand is lower than the real one because the seasonal performance factor of the heat pump is included there?

Theoretically, the final energy demand should be what you eventually read from the meter. Theoretically, because the Energy Saving Ordinance calculations are apparently not quite as realistic, and in practice there are some deviations.

Are the numbers you mentioned actual figures? Should 26.1 mean 26.1 kWh/m²a or 26,100 kWh annual primary energy demand of the entire building?

So, I’m also not a professional. I am just a developer myself, who has, however, read a lot about the topic. (I am an engineer myself, but in a completely different field.) I just wanted to understand the matter myself and be able to somewhat control what is being told to me.

Can you possibly say more about the planned house? Size, insulation, system technology (air heat pump or geothermal, controlled residential ventilation planned?). Are you building through an architect or a general contractor/developer?

The value of 26.1 kWh/m²a already sounds very low. And 10.9 kWh final energy as well. Passive house? The system efficiency factor is also quite low.

So according to the formula above Primary energy = 0.550 * (6791 + 2428) = 5070
But what does that tell me now? Do I have to expect an electricity consumption of 5070 kWh per year for heating and hot water? Or can you not say that?

No, 5070 kWh would be the primary energy. But you only have to pay for what the meter shows. Purely from the conversion factor, that would be 5070 kWh / 2.6 = 1950 kWh.
But as I said, you can’t just translate that directly into reality. It’s not very useful for that.

Can you perhaps say more about the planned house? Size, insulation, system technology (air heat pump or ground source, controlled residential ventilation planned?). Are you building through an architect or a general contractor/ construction manager or a developer?

The value of 26.1 kWh/m²a already sounds very low. And 10.9 kWh final energy too. Passive house? The system efficiency factor is also quite low.

It is a timber frame house from a large southern German company. The insulation consists of 16 cm mineral wool and 16 cm wood fiber insulation board. The controlled residential ventilation is basically also the heating, so no separate water-based heating. The living area is 154 m². It is not calculated as a passive house, but only as KfW40.

Ok, you should probably be able to find enough information on the internet about the provider's construction method and the installed heating system.

Hello,

regarding the primary energy demand, the factor calculation naturally supports wood as a renewable resource, but compliance with the funding limits is one thing, and the comparison of investment costs and ongoing costs is another.

Therefore, heating load calculations with the different systems should be carried out for a comparison between different systems.

For a first comparison, however, you can calculate using the determined final energy demand and the costs for providing one kWh of energy. And then over the usual service life of 25-30 years as well as the acquisition costs and annual maintenance and repairs. I would omit a price increase for now. This way you can also compare the different systems in terms of costs and only discuss the systems from the shortlist with a heating engineer.

Best regards, Erik