…Many craftsmen generally wish that defects in appearance could be resolved with a (preferably small) deduction from the payment. This wish rarely comes true. Especially when the contractor has caused the defect through gross negligence, they will not be able to invoke disproportionality. The same applies if, contrary to contractual agreements, they have deliberately used cheaper, inferior material. If the contractor wishes to invoke disproportionality, the degree of fault for the defect must be minor…