What may ceiling spots (in new construction by general contractor) cost?

what is best to use in the kitchen? Are pendant lights so much better? For me, they are more something for the dining room anyway

If you have your 3 meter kitchen island, pendant lights matching the dining room light are a good alternative. However, you should think about the task lighting before or during the kitchen planning. If I, with an open kitchen and two ceiling lights (they are double "spots"), would cook and chop only with ceiling light on, I would lose interest because it is simply not enough. And if every time I flood the whole room with task light, I would know that I did something wrong. The new minimalist kitchens with huge islands and no upper cabinets are not suitable for cooking in my opinion. They look amazing, like a showroom, but not practical for everyday use. Everyone may see it differently, but I know what it means when your eyes can no longer see properly due to lack of light.

A "spot" in the strict sense is derived from "spotlight" and refers to a light source that illuminates a point and not an area (that would be a "flood" or "fluter"). Now there are also floodlights that can be built into ceilings and are round. These are often called "spots" by laypeople only because of their outer shape. When we talk here about recessed ceiling lights, which can have quite different characteristics, no conclusion can be drawn about the quality as work lighting. We have installed Ansorg recessed ceiling lights with flood characteristics in the 3000 lumen version with 3000k color temperature in our "entry laundry room". These are definitely not spots and are also suitable as work lighting, as they create a perfectly balanced light cone without artifacts.

Now the initial question was about the price. For 200€ installed, you need to know the quality you are getting. It can be expensive but also very inexpensive. The latter would surprise me.

Nice that you are clarifying this, but it seems to me that it is a fight against windmills to try to eradicate the incorrect use of the word "Spot". In any case, it is as always: As long as I don't know what I am getting, I cannot judge whether the price is reasonable. Our recessed spotlights are, for example, around 200 EUR each, but the spotlight plus power supply already costs around 120 EUR. I find the total price okay. If there is only the one-euro socket with the two-euro retrofit for it, I find that clearly too expensive.

We were given a price without the light fixture. I am not familiar with this. Do you buy the light fixtures yourself then? Or does the general contractor provide the light fixtures during the sampling?

A few light bulbs don't cost a fortune, do they?

If you take the cheap GU10 variants, then no. If you prefer "real" LED lights that are not based on any traditional connections, then that may be the case, although there are also very inexpensive variants available.