Gas heating or heat pump air (Mitsubishi?) or groundwater

My one air-to-water heat pump (due to planned underfloor heating).

Warm air should mostly come through a central controlled residential ventilation system with heat recovery, right?

A solar system won't be enough in winter and transitional seasons to get the hot water sufficiently warm/hot, so you definitely need a heater here. How does a passive house actually manage in winter? They also need at least a heater for the hot water (showers) and possibly for heating?

Warm air should mostly come through a central controlled residential ventilation system with heat recovery, right?

No, it has heat RECOVERY and no heating function. For that, there are heaters.

How does a passive house actually manage in winter? They need at least a heating system for the hot water (showers), right?

For example, via a domestic hot water heat pump.

No, it has a heat RECOVERY and no heating function. For that, there are then heaters. For example, via a domestic hot water heat pump

Yes, that's what I meant. Thanks.

Basically, you can never say for sure right now, but maybe only after 5-10 years with certainty whether the heating system you ultimately chose was a good choice. Gas and electricity price developments certainly play a big role in this.

If it's just about cost accounting, you are absolutely right. If it's about climate protection concerns, you can already make a better or worse choice when selecting the systems. When it comes to the type of heat and heat distribution in the house, you can say more quickly whether the concept worked well. There are simply several perspectives.

How did you decide and why?

We decided emotionally. Investment costs played a minor role; we took operating costs into account to the extent that we have our own forest right by the house and thus cultivate the energy source ourselves. We heat with a masonry heater and wood. The pleasant warmth of the stove captivated us. Of course, not everyone likes the light, and feeding the stove during this time of year, as well as producing and storing wood, means effort... that goes without saying. We enjoy it.

Passive houses have different systems. We have installed an LWZ 604 air. There are passive houses with normal air-water heat pumps and underfloor heating, and there are KFW 55 houses with pure air-air heat pumps.