The drivers are external. Either space has been provided in the ceiling through junction boxes or a suspended ceiling, or drivers in the HAR. There are many ways.
Lifespan varies greatly because no one really knows what has been installed. However, E14 and E27 retrofit cannot be compared with this, because due to the limited space and defined dimensions, the components simply die from heat.
With an external driver, however, there is definitely better heat management, and so the lamps generally last as promised. And the driver can also be replaced without having to replace the lamp itself. Certainly, the LEDs can also be damaged, then everything has to be replaced, but that is rather rare.