natural shading by plants

Looks nice. But it creates more work and shade-giving trees are not cheap either. Furthermore, there is not much space there. I think it would feel too cramped. I would rather prefer a kind of sun sail with a delicate construction that is as unobtrusive as possible.

The trees look great, but I also think the simpler solution is sun sails.

Planting trees is always the better choice from an ecological perspective. Of course, nowadays you have to choose drought-resistant species, so you don't have to keep pouring a lot of water all the time. If our plum tree dies, I will definitely plant 1-2 new trees there as shade providers.

Climbing roses

But they also make a lot of mess, don’t they? I mean when the blossoms fall...
That's why we will probably kill the wisteria on our pergola in autumn and replace it with grapevines.

I think roses hardly make any mess. I usually cut off faded flowers anyway to promote re-flowering. Besides, the fact is that plants are living beings, and that's exactly why I appreciate them so much! Where there is life, things happen. For that, I get a lightly shaded pergola with flowers from May to September, buzzing bees, and rustling leaves. And rose scent, although I only plant insect-friendly and thus open and wild roses, which smell less than the highly bred rose varieties.

Wine is such a thing, it attracts wasps. Personally, I would probably prefer not to sit next to it.