Fact is: Among teachers there are (felt) more strange people than in other groups of people. And fact is also that academics (of which I am one) often have their problems when it comes to practical construction matters. Many professional groups in the construction industry often speak such different languages that communication on equal terms is difficult and people often "talk past each other."
Back to topic: All this helps the OP little, but maybe it helps to put a bit more pressure on the architect. I think this is mainly a communication problem. At this point, you can no longer solve it with "you, you, you," but with clear statements and corresponding actions:
- Build your own cost calculation and expertise! It’s hard, I know, but maybe one of those present here, who has also built with individual contracts, could provide their detailed calculation without prices. Mine is no good, I have newly built with a general contractor. So many items are missing that are important for the OP. With this, the OP would have a good template of what might be important. Something will be missing, of course, but it is a good starting point to refine it together with the architect.
- Crisis talk with the architect. Clearly discuss the budget overrun right at the beginning and pin the architect (senior) down on emergency measures. Pin the senior down to take over site management and not the junior. Insist on 3 offers per trade. Refine the cost calculation together WITH the architect. Bring up any foreseeable underfunding clearly now: after all, this was based on his (wrong) estimation.
- If further collaboration with the architect is in question and a better calculation exists, check together with the architect and bank what can be cut, what can be done yourself, and whether financing can possibly be reorganized. It helps here if the financing bank is the local bank "around the corner."
- In parallel: find your own construction expert who takes over from service phase 4.
- Prepare for a longer construction time than planned and for significantly more personal contribution in cost control.
- Post new calculation and bill of quantities and, if necessary, offers here for discussion. Bring thick skin and buy valerian. Blocking users does not help. The discussion here does.