The glass box with the yellow sticker is only for things that don't concern you.
The white box with the piggy pink sticker is from Telekom; apparently, the "line" comes in at the TAE beneath it, which brings your "All-IP" into the house.
At night, all cables are gray. If you strip about a hand's width off these kilometer-long cable rolls at the end, you can show us much more informative stuff.
Simply put, there are three types. "Telekom cables" each have four red wires, and the second set of four is green; pairs always belong together: no-stripe/stripe and wide/narrow double-stripe. They also exist with just one set of four in color (white/red, black/yellow). Other telephone cables often have eight wires: the first pair is red/blue; for the others (yellow, green, brown), the a-wire is always white.
"Network cables" also have paired wires (solid and striped, in blue, orange, green, brown). Google TIA 568 A or -B. On the socket, they belong together as 4/5, 3/6, 1/2, and 7/8.
I would not use any further TAE sockets behind the "first TAE", but rather consistent network sockets. And with double sockets, always in the design that they are controlled with two cables (thus 8/8).
If you use LSA(+) sockets, special insertion tools are strongly recommended.
A bit of reading so that you can distinguish between routers/access points or DECT/WLAN won't hurt.