Efficient and economical heating system for new construction

Hello dear community,

my name is Tobias and my wife and I want to build a house with our two children. I need your support in planning the heating/energy technology in the house and would appreciate an exchange. The house is still in the planning stage, i.e. the floor plan is currently being created. However, I want to pay attention early on to ensure that it is built as energy-efficiently as possible. I am thinking of the roof shape and orientation on the property. I lack the experience or knowledge of what makes sense and what funding opportunities exist.

Here are the key data: The property is located in NRW in Nümbrecht. Picture attached for orientation. We are building 2 stories, roof pitch may be 0-20°. KF40 house, timber frame construction. Provider still unclear. We want underfloor heating. The house will be about 150-160 sqm, without a basement. It is possible to obtain local heating from the municipality. It should be as economical as possible but also efficient. Also with regard to future developments, to ensure some autonomy. Currently no electric car, but could come (if it can be supplied by own photovoltaics).

What would you recommend to us?

[*]An air-water heat pump? A ground-source heat pump? [*]With or without buffer storage/stratified storage? [*]With or without photovoltaics? If yes, how much makes sense? [*]With or without battery storage? If yes, how much makes sense? [*]With or without solar thermal on the roof? If yes, how much makes sense? [*]What type of roof makes the most sense? [*]If photovoltaics or solar thermal - which roof shape then makes sense for the highest possible utilization of solar energy? [*]How much do these combinations cost in terms of price/performance ratio - do the "addons" only squeeze out a few percent efficiency compared to pure air-water heat pump underfloor heating, or are there meaningful and economical addons?

I am grateful for any help.

- Air-water heat pump. You probably won't recoup the additional costs for a brine-water heat pump during your lifetime
- without buffer,
- with photovoltaic, tendentially without battery storage (unless a good subsidy for it appears)
- no solar thermal, with photovoltaic and heat pump you are already covered
- gable roof or possibly shed roof
- what do you mean by addons? Photovoltaic is a nice extra income in winter.

Under what conditions do you receive the [Nahwärme]?

With district heating, you don't even need a heat pump anymore. If there is district heating, you also don't need to make large investments.

A photovoltaic system with storage in the range of 10 kW makes sense for you. Although the system can also be planned larger because of an electric car. But that always depends on the local conditions.

The photovoltaic systems with storage have dropped in price so much that the question of storage is no longer an issue. Subsidies for photovoltaic systems are already available with the abolished value-added tax anyway.

I would stay away from solar thermal energy, it just doesn't make sense.

For the local heating connection, 10-15k is often charged. You can also install a heat pump there.

And then it is not tied to a monopolist. That is the main problem for me with the heating network.