Hello everyone,
thank you very much for your answers. I checked again with the architect. It is only necessary that the chimney sweep can properly access the chimney. Since we are building on a slope as we are building, the chimney must in our case extend to the basement, because otherwise it would "end" 2.5m above the retaining wall/slope.
By the way, I find an external stainless steel chimney classy, firstly visually, secondly I don't lose any interior space, neither in terms of "room" nor in terms of wall space, and I don't create any corners or anything like that. But like many things, it's certainly a matter of taste.
In any case, I am looking forward to our stainless steel chimney, which we were now able to relocate in such a way that we don’t have to do without a balcony door in the basement after all.