Before asking about structural measures and liability, one should first find the cause. This is probably not quite easy and I would also consider a building expert.
To me, it looks as if the plaster is absorbing moisture from below. Possibly the sealing of the front door in the base area is not OK?
We also once had such a mystery. IN THE LIVING ROOM of my parents, a few spots of plaster had crumbled in the lower part of the wall. At first, we blamed the exterior wall. But the culprit was a water pipe that ran across the living room on the raw floor and became leaky. The distance to the wall was about 2.5m. On top of it was a dry screed. The water ran under the insulation towards the wall and crept up the plaster. It took several months until we found the error.