Is it really the case that one always needs a mechanical ventilation system with this modern house construction method?
No. For understanding, one should distinguish between fulfilling the KfW requirements and ensuring the necessary air exchange.
Just briefly: KfW: Which insulation and which building services technology are required for a certain "Effizienzhaus xy" standard can be primarily found in the KfW information sheets and clarified in detail with the energy consultant. General statements like "Gas always with solar thermal" are wrong.
Air exchange: Modern houses are airtight. To avoid "stuffy air" and mold, a minimum air exchange must be ensured. There are various technical solutions for this and also an organizational one (information sheet with ventilation instructions).