Buy / finance property

Hello,

I would very much like to buy / finance a plot of land, but I don't know much about all the things you have to consider. Basically, a plot of land has to be developed in order to build on it; if it isn't, is there then a possibility that no development is possible at all?
Do sewage connection and electricity connection always have to be installed first?
Are there plots of land with a building obligation? I have read a few times that there is no building obligation; I would like to know what that means if there actually is one—does a house have to be standing after 12 months, or how is that to be understood?

What interests me much more, however, are all the regulations. In most offers, it says "buildable with a single-family house or semi-detached house." I have since found out that even the exact area and size for a house are specified in a building right, as well as any meter measurements that must be observed to the property boundary.

However, I would very much like to build a somewhat extravagant house in Japanese style with a Japanese garden around it, a pond, etc. The house should be built according to the latest energy standards but only look "different" from the outside in terms of design.
How and whether all of this is structurally feasible remains to be seen, of course, but is there still building land where one is allowed to build "freely"?

The plot should be located in the center or south of Bavaria, approximately 100 km around Munich.

To illustrate the direction this look should go in, I have attached a photo.

This might be a somewhat strange question :/ but I would be happy if someone knows something about it.

Hello Evora,

Do sewer connection and power connection always have to be installed first?

No, first construction connections (water and electricity) are established.

Are there plots of land with building obligations?

Yes.

I have read a few times that there is no building obligation, I would like to know what that means

That you don’t have to build.

If there is one, does a house have to be standing after 12 months or how should one imagine that.

No, 12 months is too short, construction usually begins within 3 years, if regulated.

Exact area and size for a house are specified in a building right, as well as any meter specifications that must be kept to the property boundary.

No building right, that is usually specified in the development plan, simply development plan.

But is there still building land where you can build "freely"?

Yes.

Maybe that is a somewhat strange question :/

Which question?

I attached a photo.

I see a roof of a bungalow... in a garden...

Hello Evora,

a building without infrastructure does not make sense, after all, you don’t want to reach your property only by helicopter. If you do, all subsequent questions are resolved.

If you want to realize a special development project, there are two possibilities:

1. A plot of land that has more or less no requirements, except for the legal minimum requirements (e.g. infrastructure).
2. Infill development in a fully developed building area, where you then build the development project possibly with the consent of the neighbors in deviation from the development plan. For this, it may be necessary to change the development plan or to establish a so-called "project-related development plan," for which, however, there is no legal entitlement, i.e., you depend on the goodwill of the municipality/city and possibly neighbors.

Best regards
Dirk Grafe

Basically, a plot of land must be developed in order to build on it; if it is not, is there then the possibility that no development is possible at all? Do sewage connection and electricity connection always have to be installed first?

Plots for residential development must (at least they should) be developed. Developed simply means that the plot is connected to public infrastructure (road, water, sewage, electricity, gas, telephone, internet). Not all of these "utilities" are always necessarily available (no sewage --> local septic tank required on the property; no gas --> different type of heating, nowadays even more common without gas, since well-insulated houses can also be heated with heat pumps). Developed does not mean that the utilities are directly adjacent; they can be 100 meters away, usually the utilities run in the public road that passes by the property.

In any case, someone must have paid or will have to pay "development contributions" for the plot at some point. During the construction phase, the actual connection is then made ("connection costs"). "Fully developed" usually means road/water/sewage/electricity/gas, but only what is documented in black and white is certain.