A vapor barrier is only necessary if the screed has not yet fully dried. Therefore, in old houses, one can usually do without a vapor barrier. It is only possible that so much water has entered the screed, or even underneath it, through cleaning that it now smells. How was it cleaned and when was the floor installed?
I don't think it is dead animals; that smells different and much worse.
A silicone seal on the shower tray could also be the cause, but then it should primarily occur in the bathroom.
We have the feeling that when we turn on the heating, it gets worse. The same with the clothes; when it is cool, they smell less than when you sit in a warm room.
The house had problems with the wastewater, but everything was basically resolved by the drain cleaner. The smell smells musty, old simply, I don't know how to describe it.. musty, like sometimes at old grandmas' when the apartment is not well ventilated
I would take a close look at those two points.