Hello Herti,
Interior insulation is not without problems; you have to be especially careful that no warm air gets between the interior insulation and the exterior wall. Otherwise, the warm room air will condense in this transition area between insulation and wall, which over time leads to moisture problems.
However, there are some system interior insulations that take this problem into account; if you search for them in a search engine, you will discover a few practical systems.
For DIY, an interior insulation made of mineral wool insulation installed between wood or light metal profiles mounted on the exterior wall is suitable. Above that - absolutely without gaps - a vapor barrier and then as an interior finish, drywall or gypsum fiberboards, clay building boards, or similar should be installed.