Build an energy-efficient house

Hello,

I have a basic question:
How can I build my house most energy-efficiently?
Thanks in advance

Windows, doors, insulation, wall structure, heating system, residential ventilation...

Is it possibly also "a bit" more precise?

Hello,

....How can I build my house most energy-efficiently?....

By reducing the actual demand for heating and domestic hot water! However, you would need to know this.
For pure heating operation, it would formally mean minimizing transmission heat and ventilation heat losses (demand). It ultimately comes down to a PH. Whether this is actually economical for the specific individual case is a completely different matter. ;-)
The system must allow a high COP or, in the case of a heat pump, a correspondingly high annual performance factor.
For this, appropriate planning/dimensioning/design of all components is required!
For an "extra" above the legally required minimum conditions (Energy Saving Ordinance), there are various subsidies that more or less cap the additional investment costs, but do not fully compensate them.
Gifts simply are not handed out!

Best regards

And it should look like an igloo.

Could it maybe be "a bit" more precise?

I just wanted to basically ask if anyone has a few tips. Specifically, one could now say about the house wall, the room layout (whether that is important at all), and maybe also how to best do the basement.

And thanks €uro for the detailed answer. :)

1

I just wanted to basically ask if anyone has a few tips...

To actually be able to make a reliable assessment, one first needs a defined "baseline variant" (building structure, user behavior). As a rule, demand reductions (heating operation) due to insulation measures have a positive effect. However, one should not completely disregard the intended heat generator! With heat pumps, e.g., brine heat pumps, from a purely economic standpoint, excessive insulation measures can usually be avoided. It looks a bit different with conventional heat generators (e.g., gas condensing boiler). Moreover, the actual demand (power, energy) for heating and domestic hot water is essential! More sustainable with heat pumps, rather secondary with gas condensing boilers! However, the theoretical calorific value benefit (gas condensing boiler) is usually only practically usable under certain hydraulic conditions especially for domestic hot water!

Best regards