I can't really say much about construction dust, since we built a wooden house and therefore had at most wood chips.
With us, the craftsmen always left everything very clean, otherwise we probably would have cleaned up afterwards.
That has two sides: if I clean up myself, I only pay the crew for the work – so it's basically a personal contribution that I provide. On the other hand, my impression is that when they have to clean up themselves, they try not to make too much mess while working.
So now you can handle it however you want. Personally, I wouldn't just leave the dirt like that. That also encourages all craftsmen to be negligent in this regard.